KARAT DAUN PADA JAGUNG MANIS / LEAF RUST ON SWEET CORN
KARAT DAUN PADA JAGUNG MANIS
Karat daun pada jagung manis disebabkan oleh cendawan Puccinia sorghi atau P. maydis.
“Penyakit karat”, cendawan ini menyerang bagian daun yang mulai menua berupa bintik-bintik seperti warna karat, merah kecoklatan. Di bawah permukaan daun ada bintik-bintik berwarna kuning. Jika serangan sudah meluas ke seluruh daun, daun akan kelihatan kering. Penyakit ini tersebar di beberapa tempat di Indonesia, dari dataran rendah sampai tinggi, tetapi tidak menimbulkan kerugian yang berarti. Serangan biasanya terjadi pada tanaman berumur lebih dari 1 bulan.
Cendawan karat punya tanaman inang rumput calincing (Oxalis sp) yang biasa tumbuh di ketinggian lebih dari 400 m, sedang sporanya bertebaran di udara. Spora-spora itu akan mendarat kalau perbedaaan suhu udara di bagian atas dan bagian bawah cukup besar. Kejadian ini biasa berlangsung pada tengah hari. Jika pada sore harinya turun hujan yang membuat lingkungan lebih dingin dan lembab, spora itu akan berkembangbiak dan merusak tanaman jagung.
Pencegahannya dilakukan dengan cara menjaga kelembaban lingkungan di sekitar tanaman (lingkungan mikro) agar jangan terlalu tinggi. Cendawan karat ini akan berkembangbiak secara optimum pada suhu sekitar 16 – 23oC, dengan kelembapan 100%. Fungisida yang cocok untuk mengendalikannya adalah yang berbahan Benlete T-120, atau bitertanol seperti Baycor 25 wp. Dosis yang dipakai tergantung beratnya serangan. Yang umum dipakai 2 gr atau 2 cc/liter air.
Sumber : TRUBUS – TH XXV – JUNI 1994
LEAF RUST ON SWEET CORN
Leaf rust in sweet corn caused by the fungus Puccinia sorghi or P. maydis.
"Rust disease", this fungus attacks the leaves begin to ripen in the form of spots such as the color of rust, red-brown. Beneaththe surface of the leaves are yellow spots. If the attacks hadspread to the entire leaf, the leaves will look dry. The disease isspread in several places in Indonesia, from lowlands to high, butdoes not cause significant harm. Attacks usually occur in plantsolder than 1 month.
Rust fungi have calincing host plant grass (Oxalis sp) commonlygrows at an altitude of more than 400 m, the spores are scatteredin the air. Spores were going to land when the air temperaturedifference at the top and the bottom is large enough. This eventusually takes place at midday. If in the late afternoon rain that makes the environment more cool and moist, the spores willmultiply and damage the corn crop.
Prevention is done by keeping the humidity of the environment around the plant (micro environment) so do not be too high. This rust fungus will proliferate optimally at temperatures around 16 -23oC, with 100% humidity. Suitable fungicides for control ismade from Benlete T-120, or bitertanol like Baycor 25 wp. The dose used depends on severity of the attack. Commonly used 2 gr or 2 cc / liter of water.
Sources: TRUBUS - TH XXV - JUNE 1994
"Rust disease", this fungus attacks the leaves begin to ripen in the form of spots such as the color of rust, red-brown. Beneaththe surface of the leaves are yellow spots. If the attacks hadspread to the entire leaf, the leaves will look dry. The disease isspread in several places in Indonesia, from lowlands to high, butdoes not cause significant harm. Attacks usually occur in plantsolder than 1 month.
Rust fungi have calincing host plant grass (Oxalis sp) commonlygrows at an altitude of more than 400 m, the spores are scatteredin the air. Spores were going to land when the air temperaturedifference at the top and the bottom is large enough. This eventusually takes place at midday. If in the late afternoon rain that makes the environment more cool and moist, the spores willmultiply and damage the corn crop.
Prevention is done by keeping the humidity of the environment around the plant (micro environment) so do not be too high. This rust fungus will proliferate optimally at temperatures around 16 -23oC, with 100% humidity. Suitable fungicides for control ismade from Benlete T-120, or bitertanol like Baycor 25 wp. The dose used depends on severity of the attack. Commonly used 2 gr or 2 cc / liter of water.
Sources: TRUBUS - TH XXV - JUNE 1994
